The human brain is an amazing thing. It controls our every thought, movement, and emotion. And researchers are now finding ways to tap into its power using a technology called a brain-computer interface (BCI). BCIs allow people to communicate with computers and other devices using their thoughts alone.
How Brain-Computer Interface Works
A BCI works by collecting brain signals, analyzing them, and converting them into readable commands that are then relayed to an output system to perform the desired action.
Invasive Brain-Computer Interface
There are two main types of BCIs: invasive and noninvasive. Invasive BCIs require surgery to implant electrodes directly into the brain. Noninvasive BCIs use sensors that sit on the surface of the skull and don’t require any surgery.
Invasive BCIs are injected directly into the brain during neurosurgery. There are single unit BCIs, which detect signals from a single region of brain cells, and multiunit BCIs, which detect signals from different regions.
Both types of BCIs have their pros and cons. Invasive BCIs can provide a more direct connection to the brain, which can make them more accurate and reliable. But they also carry risks such as infection and bleeding. Noninvasive BCIs are less risky but may not be as effective as invasive ones.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| More direct connection to the brain | Risks include infection and bleeding |
| Can be more accurate and reliable | Noninvasive BCI: |
Noninvasive Brain-Computer Interface
The majority of non-invasive BCI systems rely on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. electrical brain activity measured using electrodes mounted on the scalp.
The choice of whether to use an invasive or noninvasive BCI depends on many factors, including the person’s medical condition, preferences, and goals for using the device. Ultimately, it’s up to the individual and their doctor to decide which type of BCI is right for them.
| Pros | Cons |
|---|---|
| Less risky than invasive BCIs | May not be as effective as invasive BCIs |
Why Brain-Computer Interface is Important
BCI can be a game-changer for humanity because BCI has so much potential. A person with a disability can use technology with little to no effort and learning can very easy. People who don’t have limbs can use prosthetic limbs with the brain like we usually do with our natural limbs.
And BCI can allow us to become digitally immortal by uploading our consciousness to a computer or a robot.